Sunday, August 18, 2019
The Digestive and Urinary Systems :: essays research papers
Digestive and Urinary System Lesson 1: The Digestive System Terms: q     Digestion: q     Absorption: q     Elimination:     q     Mastication: q     Peristalsis: q     Gastric Juices: q     Bile: Functions of the Digestive System: q     Digestion, Absorption, and Elimination. q     Digestion occurs in the digestive tract which includes: 1.     Mouth: Mastication occurs and enzymes produced by salivary glands starts digesting carbohydrates. 2.     Esophagus: 10 in. long and extends from the pharynx to the stomach. Food moves down the esophagus by the peristalsis. The sphincter, a circular muscle at the entrance of the stomach opens and closes to allow food to enter the stomach. 3.     Stomach: Holds about 1qt of food for 3-4 hours and controls the rate at which it enters the small intestine. It also produces Chyme and Gastric Juices. 4.     Small Intestine: 20ft (6m) long, 1in (2.5cm) in diameter. Consist of 3 parts the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. Intestinal juice, secretions from the liver and pancreas complete chemical breakdown. 5.     Large Intestine (Colon): 2.5in (6cm) in diameter and 5-6ft (1.5-1.8m) long. The main function of the large intestine is the elimination of waste and the absorption of water. The water is absorbed into the bloodstream Other Organs that aid Digestion q     The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are essential for the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. 1.     Liver: the largest gland in the body q     Weighs about 3.5 lbs. q     Dark reddish brown color q     Over 500 functions q     Produces bile q     Converts sugar glucose to glycogen and stores it q     Maintains level of glucose in the blood q     Changes harmful to less harmful toxins q     Stores vitamin A, D, E, K, B12, and Iron 2.     Gallbladder: Small sac about 3-4 in. (7-10cm) long q     Stores bile until food moves from the stomach into the duodenum of the small intestine. 3.     Pancreas: a gland of the digestive and endocrine system. q     Produces insulin q     Produces 3 digestive enzymes: 1.     trypsin: digest protein 2.     amylase: digest carbohydrates 3.     lipase: digest fats q     These enzymes are released into the small intestines through ducts. Lesson 2: Problems and care of the Digestive Systems Terms: q     Indigestion: q     Hiatal hernia: q     Gallstones: q     Peptic ulcers: q     Gastritis: q     Appendicitis: q     Hepatitis: Common Functional Problems: q     Halitosis: (bad breath), can result from disorders of the teeth and gums caused from poor oral health care. q     Indigestion: occurs when your body doesn’t properly breakdown foods. This can be caused by eating too much ,eating too fast, or by indulging in an excess of alcohol. q     Heartburn: occurs when acid content from the stomach backs up into the esophagus. If a person has hiatal hernia they may experience heartburn. q     Gas: a certain amount of gas in the stomach or intestine is normal but some foods can cause an excess of gas. q     Nausea and Vomiting: this can be caused by motion, pathogens, medicines, drugs, and other substances in the stomach. Nausea precedes vomiting. Vomiting is reverse peristalsis.
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